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H1 neuron
The H1 neuron is located in the visual cortex of true flies of the order Diptera and mediates motor responses to visual stimuli. H1 is sensitive to horizontal motion in the visual field and enables the fly to rapidly and accurately respond to optic flow with motor corrections to stabilize flight. It is particularly responsive to horizontal forward motion associated with movement of the fly’s own body during flight. Damage to H1 impairs the fly’s ability to counteract disturbances during flight, suggesting that it is a necessary component of the optomotor response. H1 is an ideal system for studying the neural basis of information processing due to its highly selective and predictable responses to stimuli. Since the initial anatomical and physiological characterizations of H1 in 1976, study of the neuron has greatly benefited the understanding of neural coding in a wide range of organisms, especially the relationship between the neural code and behavior.
==Anatomy==
Flies possess two H1 neurons, one in each hemisphere of the brain. H1 is a lobula plate tangential cell (LPTC) located in the lobula plate of the optic lobe, the final destination of visual information originating from photoreceptors of the eye. The lobula plate forms the posterior part of the lobula complex where the LPTCs are located. The large process diameter of these neurons allowed them to be amongst the first visual neurons to be intracellularly recorded in the fly. H1 axons are about 5 µm diameter, 1200 µm long, and myelinated with a spike conduction velocity of 1 meter/second.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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